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What is static stimulation training?


In this section:

The evolution of and improvements in static stimulation
Electronic training equipment has come a long way since the first crude remote control training device was introduced in the 1950s. Today's collars are very sophisticated and deliver a very humane, even gentle, stimulation to the pet to eliminate unwanted behaviors. However, an examination of how static stimulation devices have improved over the years might help you to learn how they are beneficial to your pet - and not detrimental.

Early electronic devices primarily were originally designed to be used by hunters to break dogs of unwanted behavior such as chasing wildlife or livestock instead of more appropriate targets. Hunters also used these devices to force a dog to come in when the hunter wanted to go home - but the dog didn't. When a dog chased the wrong thing or refused to come when called, it was given an electronic shock.

These early electronic devices, though primitive, were effective at delivering "long range" stimulation. Because of this, dog trainers began exploring how the collars could be used to simplify other lessons. Unfortunately, these early systems were too strong to be used effectively to reinforce trained responses. Dogs that had to be "jolted" too often lost spirit and became afraid to work for fear of doing something wrong - or, they reacted to stimulation with panic and were unable to concentrate on the proposed task.

In the 1960s and 1970s, it became clear that the training devices had to be redesigned before they could be used to motivate desired responses instead of punishing undesired responses. Research was conducted to determine how electrical stimulation could be used safely to motivate correct behavior.

In the 1990s, manufacturers of electronic training devices began to find new ways of helping owners and trainers customize their training programs to the sensitivities of the animals they were training. As such, they developed a new, milder type of system called "static stimulation" that delivers lower levels of electrical stimulation that can also be adjusted to match the animals' temperaments, giving the trainer the opportunity to create what the dog perceived as mild discomfort rather than a fearsome jolt. This feature made the correct level of stimulation readily available, eliminating both inappropriate, high-level stimulation as well as ineffective low-level ones. In a nutshell, today's static stimulation devices give the trainer the ability to instantly reinforce compliant behavior without upsetting the animal.

Will this hurt my pet?
No. If used correctly and according to the manufacturer's instructions, static stimulation training devices are a humane - and even gentle - way to train your pet.

Today's quality static stimulation units are designed so that they do not have the power to inflict pain - under any circumstances. They also feature an over-stimulation protection feature that prevents misguided humans from providing continuous stimulation for an extended period of time.

Electronic stimulation, when used appropriately, are not harmful. Like the experience of static "shock" that a person might feel when they touch a metal door handle or similar object in a room with low relative humidity, the feeling is similar in static stimulation: it may be momentarily uncomfortable and definitely surprising, but in no way is it harmful.

Studies by independent laboratories have compared the level of stimulation produced by a static training device compared to the shock produced by other common circumstances and devices. The evaluation demonstrated that the training systems deliver a stimulation that is nowhere near the intensity that many people believe it to be.



But even these studies only tell half the story because they only focus on the voltage intensity. The length or duration of the stimulation should also be considered. Most training devices deliver a stimulation that lasts only between 1/100th to 1/40th of a second - not enough time to cause any physical or emotional pain to the pet.

How does static stimulation compare to other types of training devices?
Fundamentally, pet training is about communication. From the human perspective the handler is communicating to the dog what behaviors are correct, desired, or preferred in what circumstances. From the pet's perspective the handler must communicate what behaviors will give the dog the most satisfaction to his natural instincts and emotions. Without that inner satisfaction a dog will not be happy.

When it comes to basic dog obedience training, there are about as many training methods as there are trainers. Many methods work as long as they are used consistently and adequate reinforcement is provided to help the dog to understand the desired behavior. So what are the best types of devices for curbing unwanted behavior, such as dog barking?

Products and features that are available include:
  • Microphone-based collars: As the name suggests, these devices have a built-in microphone tuned to the sound of a dog's bark. When the dog barks out of turn, microphone-based collars detect the bark and deliver a stimulation. A disadvantage to this type of collar is the opportunity for other loud noises (thunder, other barking dogs, clapping, etc.) to activate the stimulation.
  • Vibration collars: Collars that sense the vibration in the throat from a bark and deliver a stimulation. Although this technology helped to reduce the number of false stimulation from microphone-based collar, the dog can activate the collar by scratching the collar or banging it against a hard object.
  • Combination collars: These collars simultaneously sense both the sound and the vibration, and only use a combination of sound and vibration to trigger the stimulation. This technology virtually eliminates false stimulation.
  • Types of electronic stimulation used in bark devices:
    • Ultrasonic Sound - a loud sound that the dog can hear but humans can not. Useful as an interrupter but must be paired with praising and treating for quite behavior.
    • Sonic Sound - a loud sound that both the pet and humans can hear. Useful as an interrupter but must be paired with praising and treating for quite behavior.
    • Spray - a collar that emits citronella, lemon, or air spray when it senses the bark. Very useful in stopping nuisance barking.
    • Static - a collar that emits a static stimulation when it senses the bark. Very useful in stopping nuisance barking.
Regardless of the type of product the pet owner decides is best for his or her animal, the collar should feature adjustable levels of stimulation to match the pet's temperament, accommodating the most sensitive to the most stubborn dogs.

Used properly, electronic and static stimulation training devices are a much better alternative to giving up a beloved pet.